Cannons of Les Invalides: Guide to the Artillery Collection

Before you even enter the museum buildings, history greets you in the Cour d'Honneur. The courtyard is lined with 60 magnificent bronze cannons covering 200 years of French artillery history.

The Art of the Cannon

In the 17th and 18th centuries, cannons were not just weapons; they were works of art.

• Names: Each cannon has a name engraved on it (e.g., Le Tonnerre, Le Furieux).
• Decorations: Look for the handles shaped like dolphins, and the breech distinctively sculpted.
• Motto: Many bear Louis XIV’s motto: Ultima Ratio Regum ("The Last Argument of Kings").

The Gribeauval Revolution

Keep an eye out for the "Gribeauval" cannons. Introduced in the late 18th century, this system standardized artillery parts for the first time—a precursor to modern mass production. Napoleon, an artillery officer by training, used these lighter, more mobile guns to devastating effect across Europe.

Captured Trophies

Not all cannons here are French. The collection includes pieces captured from enemies: Russian, Austrian, Prussian, and Ottoman cannons taken during the Napoleonic campaigns or colonial expeditions.

A Photogenic Spot

The perspective of the cannons leading the eye toward the Church of Saint-Louis makes for one of the best photo ops in Paris. The dark bronze against the cream stone walls constitutes a perfect contrast.

Photo Tip: The best shot is from the entrance gate looking straight towards the church of Saint-Louis-des-Invalides at the other end. The symmetry creates a perfect frame.